Conspiracy History of America

Philippe Buonarroti (Filippo Giuseppe Maria Ludovico Buonarroti)— Italian utopian socialist, writer, agitator, freemason, and conspirator.  History of Babeuf’s 'Conspiracy of Equals' (1828) became a bible for revolutionaries, inspiring such leftists as Blanqui and Marx. He proposed revolution by stages, starting from monarchy to liberalism, then to radicalism, and finally to communism.  Became a Jacobin snd supporter of the French Revolution.  In 1808 Buonarroti formed a Masonic Lodge, Les Sublimes Maîtres Parfaits, Within this lodge he formed an inner circle which he used to further his political aspirations.

Gracchus Babeuf (François-Noël Babeuf) French political agitator, Jacobin, and journalist of the French Revolutionary period.  Babeuf was executed for his role in the Conspiracy of the Equals. 

Louis Auguste Blanqui was a French socialist and political activist. A member of the Carbonari society since 1824, he took an active part in most republicanconspiracies during this period.

Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian politician, journalist, activist for the unification of Italy.  He was a member of the Carbonari, a secret society pledged to overthrow absolute rule in Italy.He likewise rejected the concept of the "rights of man" which had developed during the Age of Enlightenment, arguing instead that individual rights were a duty to be won through hard work, sacrifice and virtue, rather than "rights" which were intrinsically owed to man. He outlined his thought in his Doveri dell'uomo ("Duties of Man"), published in 1860.

Nicolas de Bonneville a French bookseller, printer, journalist, and writer. He was also a political figure of some relevance at the time of the French Revolution.  Accused the Jesuits of having introduced into the symbolic degrees of freemasonry, the myths of the Templars and their doctrine of revenge, based on the "crime" of their destruction, and the four vows of the Templars included in their higher degrees. Earlier, in 1787, the leading Bavarian illuminist and freemason, Johann Joachim Christoph Bode, is said to have converted the German-speaking Bonneville to a faith that combined esoteric symbolism with radical ideas of popular sovereignty bordering on direct democracy.

Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Count of Mirabeau (9 March 1749 – 2 April 1791) was a leader of the early stages of the French Revolution and a Jacobin.

Johann Joachim Christoph Bode a member of Illuminati, which he joined, acquiring the rank of Major illumitatus in January 1783. After the order was banned in Bavaria in 1784, he became the de facto chief executive officer, following Knigge's resignation and Weishaupt's flight.  Met members of the Lodge of Philalèthes. According to his travel journal, some of them comprised a secret core, the "Philadelphians".

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